Comprehensive treatment of criminal recidivism in Costa Rica through labor and sports reinsertion

Abstract

Recidivism is a historical phenomenon that begins with the Hammurabi Code and since then
has transcended geographical and temporal borders, being regulated in all cultures as a need
for social control and crime prevention. But, from the 19th century, it is when its concept
and its ends take hold due to the birth of prison as a criminal sanction, although in its essence,
the nature of recidivism has not changed with respect to the penalty, since the constant
has been the aggravation in the face of the new criminal act. However, in recent decades
the abolitionist assumption has prevailed that those who relapse cannot be punished more
severely because the primary causes behind it are those caused by the State, being an executioner
of the evil caused itself. And it is on this basis that this study is based, in what the two
alleged causes of recidivism are considered: life in prison and the ineffectiveness of the State
to resocialize the person after his criminal execution. In addition, a proposal is provided to
reduce recidivism through work models and the development of sport from a professional
perspective so that prison graduates can have better opportunities when leaving prison.