Vol. 20 Núm. 1 (2026): Derecho en Sociedad
ARTÍCULOS / ARTICLES

El rol del Estado de Qatar en la transformación del orden multipolar, sus relaciones con las potencias mundiales y con el Sur Global (2010 - 2024)

PDF
  • Brayan Acuña Obando
Brayan Acuña Obando
Profesor Geopolítica
DOI: https://doi.org/10.63058/des.v20i1.345

Publicado 2026-03-26

Palabras clave

  • Qatar,
  • multipolaridad,
  • diplomacia,
  • Sur Global,
  • relaciones internacionales

Cómo citar

Acuña Obando, B. (2026). El rol del Estado de Qatar en la transformación del orden multipolar, sus relaciones con las potencias mundiales y con el Sur Global (2010 - 2024). Derecho En Sociedad, 20(1), p. 61–99. https://doi.org/10.63058/des.v20i1.345

Derechos de autor 2026 Derecho en Sociedad

Creative Commons License

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Altmetrics

Resumen

El Estado de Qatar se ha convertido en un actor geopolítico clave en el contexto del reordenamiento del sistema internacional hacia dentro de la reconfiguración del mundo multipolar. Por medio de este trabajo se procede a analizar el papel del emirato qatarí en la gestión de alianzas con potencias hegemónicas tales como China, Estados Unidos y Rusia, así como su relación con el denominado Sur Global a través de mecanismos diplomáticos desde los ámbitos económicos, la inversión extranjera directa y su mediación en conflictos. Por medio de un enfoque cualitativo y teorizado por medio de las Relaciones Internacionales, se presentan los mecanismos mediante los cuales este país ha transformado su proyección exterior para consolidarse por medio de la influencia, su posicionamiento estratégico, consolidar su seguridad y, estar presente en diversos escenarios multilaterales.

PDF

Referencias

  1. Abbaszadeh, M. (2024). Analyzing the Components of Economic Diplomacy of Qatar. Journal of Political Knowledge, 20(2), 429-454.
  2. Abd Alrahman, N. (2023). Energy diplomacy: Qatar as a case study. قضايا سياسية, (75), 287-299.‎
  3. Abdul-Nabi, Z. (2017). Al-Jazeera’s relationship with Qatar before and after Arab Spring: Effective public diplomacy or blatant propaganda. Arab Media & Society, 24, 1-21.
  4. Al Heeti, N. (2021). الشراكة العالمية في التنمية؛ قطر نموذجاً. Diplomatic Institute of Qatar. https://coehuman.uodiyala.edu.iq/uploads/2021/1-12/a6.pdf
  5. Al Johara, Y. (2022). Softpower shaping the foreign policy of small States: Comparative study between Qatar and Singapore [Tesis Maestría]. Qatar University. https://qspace.qu.edu.qa/bitstream/handle/10576/26138/Aljohara%20Alobaidan_OGS%20Approved%20Thesis.pdf?sequence=1%26isAllowed=n
  6. Alqashouti, M. (2021). Qatar mediation: From soft diplomacy to foreign policy. In Contemporary Qatar: Examining state and society (pp. 73-92). Singapore: Springer Singapore.
  7. AP News. (2024). Texas A&M closing Qatar campus amid growing concerns over foreign influence. https://apnews.com/article/249608efa0df8f16fc2bf82f51a1bb12
  8. Arbabi, A. (2024). Qatar – China: A developed relations in a perplexed region. World Journal of Social Science Research. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/wjssr.v11n3p102
  9. Ayoub, A. (2025). Why Qatar Was Left Out of the DETERRENT Act — and Why That’s a Mistake. Algemeiner. https://www.algemeiner.com/2025/03/31/why-qatar-was-left-out-of-the-deterrent-act-and-why-thats-a-mistake/
  10. Bard, M. (2025). Universities are selling out to Qatar, and selling off their integrity. JNS. https://www.jns.org/universities-are-selling-out-to-qatar-and-selling-off-their-integrity/
  11. Belcastro, F. (2022). Palestinian flags and warm embraces: Politics and Arabism at the World Cup in Qatar. IAI Commentaries, 22, 65.
  12. Berman, L. (2025). It’s too early to know how deep Qatargate goes, but it’s time to ask tough questions. Times of Israel. https://www.timesofisrael.com/its-too-early-to-know-how-deep-qatargate-goes-but-its-time-to-ask-tough-questions/
  13. Chaziza, M. (2020). China's Middle East Diplomacy: The Belt and Road Strategic Partnership. DOI 10.2307/j.ctv333kv1v.
  14. Cherkaoui, M. (2018). Qatar's Resilient Global Strategy: Leveraging Globalization and Interdependence. Rising Powers Quarterly, 3(3), 65–84.
  15. Consejo de la Unión Europea. (2021). Strategic Autonomy, strategic choices. Council of the European Union.
  16. https://www.consilium.europa.eu/media/49404/strategic-autonomy-issues-paper-5-february-2021-web.pdf
  17. Cooper, A., & Shaw, T. (2009). The diplomacies of small states at the start of the twenty-first century: how vulnerable? How resilient?. The diplomacies of small states: between vulnerability and resilience, 1-18.
  18. Elena, M. (2016). El posicionamiento de medios internacionales ante los movimientos sociales: CNN y Al-Jazeera English en la caída de Morsi. Universitat Pompeu Fabra. doi: 10.15581/003.29.3.sp.119-131
  19. Foreign Policy. (2023). What Is Soft Power? https://education.cfr.org/learn/reading/what-soft-power
  20. Gonçalves, H. (2023). The Power of Sports Diplomacy: The World Cup in Qatar. Portuguese Journal of Asian Studies. DOI: 10.33167/16454677.DAXIYANGGUO2023.31/pp.67–88
  21. Guzansky, Y. (2025). The Qatari Challenge: Strategic Dilemmas and Policy Options for Israel. INSS. https://www.inss.org.il/publication/qatar-challenge/
  22. Hazran, Y. (2024). Lebanon after the Doha Agreement of 2008: The Birth of the Undeclared Shiite Republic in Lebanon. The Institute for National Security Studies. https://www.inss.org.il/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/Yusri-Hazran.pdf
  23. Herrera, S. (2019). Efectos de la interdependencia asimétrica en la relación entre China y dos estados pequeños latinoamericanos. Periodo 2001-2015 [Tesis Doctoral]. FLACSO Ecuador. http://hdl.handle.net/10469/15641
  24. Ingebritsen, C. Et al. (2006). Small States in International Relations. University of Washington Press. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctvcwnw88
  25. ISGAP (2023). Qatari paymasters, soft power and the manipulation of democracy. https://isgap.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Networks-of-Hate_1DEC.pdf
  26. ISGAP (2025). As Congressional Hearing on Georgetown is Announced, New ISGAP Report Details Billion-Dollar Qatari Influence Network at University. https://isgap.org/post/2025/06/as-congressional-hearing-on-georgetown-is-announced-new-isgap-report-details-billion-dollar-qatari-influence-network-at-university/
  27. Kamrava, M. (2015). Qatar: Small state, big politics. Cornell University Press.
  28. Karns, M., Mingst, K., & Stiles, K. (2015). International organizations: the politics and processes of global governance. Lynne Rienner Publishers.
  29. Keohane, R. (2005). After hegemony: Cooperation and discord in the world political economy. Princeton university press.
  30. Kozhanov, N. (2021). Russia-GCC Economic Relations. Insight Turkey, 23(1), 183-204.
  31. López, D. (2016). Alcances y limitaciones de Al Jazeera como herramienta de softpower. Qatar 2005 – 2013. https://doi.org/10.48713/10336_11922
  32. Mateo, J. (2001). La evaluación institucional universitaria. Una nueva cultura de la evaluación en un contexto de cambio.
  33. McSparren, J., Even, M. & Shaw, T. (2015). Inclusive Growth, Governance of Natural Resources and Sustainable Development in Africa from a Qatari Perspective. The Gulf Research Center Book Series at Gerlach Press. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/306035980
  34. Mearsheimer, J. (2001). The tragedy of great power politics. WW Norton & Company.
  35. Mearsheimer, J. (2019). The Rise and Fall of the Liberal International Order. International Security 2019; 43 (4): 7–50. doi: https://doi.org/10.1162/isec_a_00342
  36. MEMO. (2021). Ten years of lobbying: The Qatari lobby’s operations before and after the blockade. https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20210411-ten-years-of-lobbying-the-qatari-lobbys-operations-before-and-after-the-blockade/
  37. Monje, C. (2011). Metodología de la Investigación cuantitativa y cualitativa (Guía didáctica). Universidad Sur Colombiana. https://www.uv.mx/rmipe/files/2017/02/guia-didactica-metodologia-de-la-investigacion.pdf#page=132.17
  38. Moore, S. (2024). An Analysis of Qatari Connections to Illicit Terror Financing and the Resulting Foreign Policy Implications. The International Affairs Review. https://www.iar-gwu.org/print-archive/an-analysis-of-qatari-connections-to-illicit-terror-financing-and-the-resulting-foreign-policy-implications
  39. Munir, A., Khan, M. F., & Jamshaid, M. (2024). Resolution of a Diplomatic Blockade through Multi-Track Diplomacy: A Case Study of Qatar’s Foreign Policy amid its Diplomatic Blockade. Pakistan Languages and Humanities Review, 8(2-S), 326–335. https://doi.org/10.47205/plhr.2024(8-II-S)30
  40. Murillo, C. (2008). La política exterior de estados pequeños. El caso de Costa Rica. Temas de Nuestra América Revista de Estudios Latinoamericanos, 24(46).
  41. Murillo, C. (2023). Análisis De Política Exterior En Un Contexto Cambiante: Una Aproximación. Revista Relaciones Internacionales, 96(1), 131-164. https://dx.doi.org/10.15359/ri.96-1.5
  42. Nassar, F. (2021). Qatar’s Foreign Policy Changes since Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani’s Accession to Power in 1995. Journal of Political Studies, 4(2), 1–14.
  43. Pereyra, G. (2015). El estudio de la Identidad en las Relaciones Internacionales: El constructivismo como “solución” teórica temporal. Enfoques, 27(1), 127-142.
  44. Ortiz, A. (2015). Enfoques y métodos de investigación en las ciencias humanas y sociales.
  45. Pimienta, J., De la Orden, A., & Estrada, R. (2017). Metodología de la investigación. Competencias+ Aprendizaje+ Vida. Editorial Pearson Educación, México.
  46. Ros-Lehtinen, I. (2020). Report Concerning Qatar's Al Jazeera Media Network & The Foreign Agents Registration Act. Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP.
  47. Schaffer, M. (2022). He Tried to Reform the Way a Top D.C. Think Tank Gets Money. Now the FBI Is Looking Into Him. Politico. https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2022/06/17/john-allen-brookings-institution-fbi-qatar-00040380
  48. Sotirović, V. (2024). What is Power in Global Politics and International Relations https://www.researchgate.net/publication/384142762_What_is_Power_in_Global_Politics_and_International_Relations
  49. Steinberg, G. (2023). Qatar’s foreign policy: Decision making processes, baselines and strategies. Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik. https://www.swp-berlin.org/publications/products/research_papers/2023RP04_Qatar_ForeignPolicy.pdf
  50. Tkabladze, Z. (2024). Al-Jazeera as one of the Important Components of Qatar's Soft Power. Georgian Technical University. https://doi.org/10.36073/1512-0996-2024-3-260-285
  51. Trading Economics (2025). Qatar Exports to Russia. https://tradingeconomics.com/qatar/exports/russia
  52. Ulrichsen, K. (2014). Qatar and the Arab spring. Oxford University Press.
  53. Ulrichsen, K. (2020). Qatar and the Gulf crisis. Oxford University Press.
  54. Universidad Colegio Mayor de Nuestra Señora del Rosario. Lupel, A. et al. (2024). Small States and the Multilateral System: Transforming Global Governance for a Better Future. International Peace Institute. https://www.ipinst.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Small-States-and-the-Multilateral-System-web.pdf
  55. US – Qatar Business Council. (2022). 50 Years of Partnership:The State of Qatar and the United States of America. https://portal.usqbc.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/50-Years-of-Partnership-The-State-of-Qatar-and-the-United-States-of-America.pdf
  56. Viramontes, E. (2021). Looking towards the South: Qatar’s National Vision and its Latin American Horizon. Gulf Studies Center. https://www.qu.edu.qa/siteimages/static_file/qu/research/gulf%20studies/documents/working%20paper%202%20-%20erick%20viramontes%20-%202021.pdf
  57. Vodyanov, I. N. (2023). Los medios de comunicación como componente principal del poder blando de Qatar. Comunicología, 11 (2), 13-27.
  58. Yaari, M. (2020). Israel and Qatar: Relations Nurtured by the Palestinian issue. MITVIM. https://mitvim.org.il/wp-content/uploads/Dr._Michal_Yaari_-_Israel_and_Qatar_-_Relations_nurtured_by_the_Palestinian_issue_-_March_2020-1.pdf
  59. Ybáñez, G. (2022). An “effective multilateralism”: The case of the European Union. [Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad Pontificia de Comillas]. Repositorio de la Universidad de Comillas. https://repositorio.comillas.edu/rest/bitstreams/507377/retrieve#page=3.12
  60. Ying, J. & Dong, W. (2022). Characteristics and Experiences of Contemporary Media Diplomacy: A Case Study of Al Jazeera in Qatar. Pakistan Journal of International Affairs, 5(3).